Dose-Dependent Effects of Chitosan Nanoparticles on Human Fibroblast Proliferation and Skin Wound Closure
Eunseo Kwon
The Frederick Gunn School, Washington, United States
Publication date: July 10, 2026
The Frederick Gunn School, Washington, United States
Publication date: July 10, 2026
DOI: http://doi.org/10.34614/JIYRC2026I37
ABSTRACT
Chitosan nanoparticles (CNs), derived from the natural biopolymer chitosan, have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to modulate cellular functions. However, their role in fibroblast-mediated wound healing remains incompletely understood. This study evaluated the dose-dependent effects of CNs on human Detroit 551 fibroblasts using cell proliferation and wound healing assays. Cells were exposed to CNs at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL. Proliferation was quantified using the LUNA-FL automatic cell counter, while wound recovery was assessed via scratch assays over 12 and 24 hours. Results showed that CNs significantly enhanced fibroblast proliferation, with the strongest effect observed at 50 μg/mL (****p < 0.0001), while higher concentrations plateaued. Additionally, CN-treated fibroblasts demonstrated accelerated and sustained wound closure compared to controls. These findings suggest that CNs promote fibroblast proliferation and migration, highlighting their potential as effective enhancers of skin repair and wound healing.
Chitosan nanoparticles (CNs), derived from the natural biopolymer chitosan, have emerged as promising candidates for biomedical applications due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to modulate cellular functions. However, their role in fibroblast-mediated wound healing remains incompletely understood. This study evaluated the dose-dependent effects of CNs on human Detroit 551 fibroblasts using cell proliferation and wound healing assays. Cells were exposed to CNs at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, and 100 μg/mL. Proliferation was quantified using the LUNA-FL automatic cell counter, while wound recovery was assessed via scratch assays over 12 and 24 hours. Results showed that CNs significantly enhanced fibroblast proliferation, with the strongest effect observed at 50 μg/mL (****p < 0.0001), while higher concentrations plateaued. Additionally, CN-treated fibroblasts demonstrated accelerated and sustained wound closure compared to controls. These findings suggest that CNs promote fibroblast proliferation and migration, highlighting their potential as effective enhancers of skin repair and wound healing.
